Guidance Lesson Plan Essay - 1219 Words

u09a1 Sample Guidance Lesson Plan Jeri Quiring COUN5280 Introduction to School Counseling September 10, 2017 Denise Ebersole Guidance Lesson Plan A school counselor guidance lesson can have a positive impact on students it is important to understand what issues exist in the school and to follow the American Counselor Association National Model when creating lesson plans. The lessons plans presented are three different ones including harassment, attitude, and stereotyping. Each of them are to help gain respect for the student themselves and his or her classmates and acquaintances. 1st Lesson The first lesson plan is called Leave Me Alone! Harassment. The lesson is designed for 8th graders and is scheduled to be 30†¦show more content†¦The domain of the lesson will be social/emotional and the content standards is AA.S.7. The content of this lesson is that â€Å"students will recognize and change stink in thinking to a more winning attitude† (Winning Attitude, n.d.). The lesson will be presented by starting off with a discussion that talks to the students about changing a person’s negative thinking to an attitude of gratitude. â€Å"The experience and expression of gratitude benefit the individual by enhancing wellbeing, physical health, and social relationships† (Layous Lyubomirsky, 2014, P. 153). Statistics will be presented on deaths and accessibility. The statistics on death will include children and the death occurring from preventable diseases or deaths that occurred in other countries because of accessibility of healthcare or healt hy drinking water. One important part of the lesson the 7th graders need to learn is why the statistics were presented to them. The lesson shows that all individuals endure tough or rough patches in one’s life but a person needs to think positive and have an attitude of gratitude by being thankful for everything a person has. The handout presented to the students in the lesson will ask questions about things that students are grateful for including overall items or individuals, why a person would stop being grateful, what can a person doShow MoreRelatedCharacteristics Of Command And Control1540 Words   |  7 PagesSicily. Although the Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCoS) achieved the objective to invade Sicily, Operation Husky revealed valuable teachable moments and lessons learned regarding lack of grand strategy and unity of effort within the Allied leadership. These valuable lessons reveal the inadequacies in leadership, principle and art of command. This essay will provide an evaluation of the commanders’ intent, mutual trust, and understanding as attributes of command and control at the operational level duringRead MoreEssay on Irregular Spelling Lesson Activity1668 Words   |  7 PagesLESSON PLAN Name: Allison Akenson WGU Task Objective Number: ELT: Task 12 GENERAL INFORMATION | Lesson Title amp; Subject(s): Expository Writing Lesson / Language Arts Topic or Unit of Study: Expository Writing Lesson: Informing the reader of a topic that would include facts, such as book reports or research reports. Grade/Level: Third Instructional Setting: Third grade classroom will be seated at their individual desks for presentation of expository writing, guided practiceRead MoreU.s. Military Campaign Planning1650 Words   |  7 PagesThe 2003 invasion of Iraq, Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF) provides an excellent case study to evaluate military campaign planning. OIF demonstrates the complexity of campaign planning, while providing relevant lessons for today’s planners and leaders. OIF was successful in achieving its initial tactical objective of capturing Baghdad. However, due to a insufficient understating of the operational environment (OE) and a poorly defined problem, OIF’s initial operational approach failed to achieve strategicRead MoreStrengths And Opportunities For Growth802 Words   |  4 PagesStrengths and Opportunities for Growth There were few strong point to this lesson. The organization and details were strong, but the implication of the lesson plan broke down as the time disappeared too quickly. Also the anticipatory set went smoothly and was enjoyed by all. One area for improvement is to pay attention to the amount of time needed to complete the lesson. Once the lesson written the writer needed to complete the lesson while timing the whole thing. This will allow the educator to know exactlyRead MoreMilitary Campaign Planning For An Inclusive Iraqi Government1243 Words   |  5 PagesOperation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF), provides an excellent case study to evaluate military campaign planning. OIF demonstrates the complexity of campaign planning, while providing relevant lessons for today’s planners and leaders. OIF was successful in achieving its tactical objective of capturing Baghdad. However, due to an insufficient understanding of the operational environment (OE) and a poorly defined problem, OIFâ₠¬â„¢s initial operational approach failed to achieve strategic goals. Fortunately, throughRead MoreArgical Analysis Of Rosalind Hursthouses Virtue Ethics1175 Words   |  5 PagesIn Rosalind Hursthouse’s essay on Virtue Ethics, she aims to create a new type of ethics that is classified as aristotelian in nature. Hursthouse’s model is more agent-based rather than action-based, which implies that it is based on the individual’s characteristics rather than the type of action implemented. Although her discussion on virtue ethics is both intriguing and important, Hursthouses model falls short of being a viable ethical theory for several reasons. Firstly, the idea of agent-basedRead MoreHow Should Personalized Learning Be Implemented?999 Words   |  4 Pageslearning be implemented? Research and promising practices from across the country emphasize that personalized learning plans must reflect students’ current interests and goals in order to help them select appropriate courses, take part in relevant and engaging career learning experiences, and plan for the future. Students’ college and career interests can change frequently, so the plan needs to be flexible. Consequently, personalized learning should involve an iterative process of identifying goals,Read MoreSuggestions For Apsi From Billie Jean Clemens937 Words   |  4 Pagesteach a conceptual approach to history that emphasizes the application of historical thinking skills while still holding students accountable for a core of knowledge? The workshops, through collaborative conversations and the development of quality lesson plans, need to educate teachers as to what this really looks like in the classroom. 2. Above all, the workshops need to emphasize the crucial role of historical thinking skills; how one would teach those skills; AND, how those skills are assessedRead MoreActive Reading In George Orwells Shooting An Elephant1160 Words   |  5 PagesThis lesson has three main objectives. These are to direct students in ‘active reading’ through George Orwell’s Shooting an Elephant. Determining the central idea of the essay and how it develops over the text, different themes that are introduced, what the author’s viewpoint. The final objective is to give students time in class to read. I intend to do this through a lesson and demonstration on active reading, class discussion, and through small group work. To start off what is active readingRead MoreLanguage Acquisition : The Perspective And The Cognitive Perspective1348 Words   |  6 PagesThis process can take five to seven years for an ELL to fully comprehend both contextually and pragmatically conversation and vocabulary that is necessary in navigating the classroom and society. Theorists in both camps are used today; however, this essay will explain the best way to teach students to fully comprehend the English language. When looking at which method is most beneficial, there must be a strategy and understanding that the ELLs need to both learn and acquire the language, not one or

Gym Candy - 890 Words

The author of Gym Candy is Carl Deuker. Carl Deuker grew up in California. He attended University of California, Berkeley, majoring in English. He currently lives in Washington and is a teacher at Shelton View Elementary School. He wrote seven novels and is working on an eighth. His novels so far are, On the Devil’s Court, Heart of a Champion, Night Hoops, Painting the Black, High Heat, Runner, and Gym Candy. Four of his novels won awards. His novels all have something to do with teens, sports, and take place in Washington. The setting of the novel is in present day in Seattle, Washington. The main character of the story is Mick Johnson. Mick’s father was a failure as an NFL football player and now looks to Mick to pick up his dreams as†¦show more content†¦Mick undergoes multiple conflicts through out the story. Mick feels pressured by his father to do well in football so to gain his father’s gratitude he takes steroids to do better. Mick also has conflicts with the antagonist, Matt Drager, on the football field and in school. The steroids also conflict with Mick because he wants to hang out with friends but is embarrassed because of some of the things the steroids did to him. Even worse than being embarrassed in front of his friends, he is embarrassed in front of Kaylee, the girl that he likes. The steroids also gave him rage at times and put him in depression. On top of that he had to stay secret most of the time in fear of getting caught with steroids. In the end the steroids cause Mick to point a gun at his best friend, and even worse, shoot himself in the head. He solves the steroid problem in the end by going to rehab, which keeps his whole steroid profile hidden for a chance to play footballShow MoreRelatedChanges Over Time : Male Ideals1488 Words   |  6 Pagesvisiting the gym, and grooming. The article, â€Å"Scrawn to Brawn: Men Get Muscles or Pray for Them† was an exciting piece by the New York Times that really made me think about just how men are held to the same pressures now as women. The article parallels the male body of Woodstock which was lean torsos, narrow shoulders and scrawny legs and the current era with well-defined muscles, broad shoulders and six packs. It also mentions how pressured men are to look like the ideal going to the gym, steroid useRead MoreThe Problem Of The Addiction1179 Words   |  5 Pagesdetermine what’s truly a addiction, or just a serious hobby. Some people think excessive television watching or excessive gym workouts are just hobbies, but they actually can be mild forms of addiction. When â€Å"gym rats†, people who can never skip a gym day or the world might stop rotating, start skipping out on other events like spending time with family or friends; just to go to the gym and exercise, they start to cross the boundary and move towards real addiction. When excessive phone or social mediaRead MoreThe Energy Bar Industry Essay1430 Words   |  6 PagesPowerBar’s reactions to Clif organic bar. Powerbar split into many submarkets over the years which include Luna, a bar designed to meet women’s needs; Balance, a high protein bar; Pria, a low calorie bar, and Balance Gold, a bar that tastes like candy. What caused Powerbar to get into these submarkets? PowerBar saw a success in, with other energy bars put pressure on Powerbar to get up to speed. To get up to speed they researched the other company’s products and created something similar if notRead MoreNeighboorhood And Life In Beverly, Chicago936 Words   |  4 Pageslocated in Evergreen Park which was nearby, these two neighborhoods are very similar but yet have their differences. Some of the there similarities are they both mostly have whites, big houses, and the blocks are quiet. Their differences are Beverly has candy stores and parks, Beverly police, but not everyday stores people shop at. Evergreen, on the other hand, has a mall, Evergreen police, and convenient stores people shop at every day. In Beverly, the neighboorhood consists of mostly whites but the specificRead MoreWays to Do Conditioning for Basketball Essay851 Words   |  4 Pagesconditioning requires a lot of dedication and is very time consuming. It is a highly competitive and contact sport so being faster and stronger than the other guy can give you more advantages. Many ways to condition are by running, weight training in the gym, maintaining a healthy diet and working on your basketball skills. Following these steps will help you prepare for the basketball season and develop into a great ball player. Running is the first step in becoming conditioned for the basketball seasonRead MoreNeighboorhood And Life In Beverly, Chicago936 Words   |  4 Pageslocated in Evergreen Park which was nearby, these two neighborhoods are very similar but yet have their differences. Some of the there similarities are they both mostly have whites, big houses, and the blocks are quiet. Their differences are Beverly has candy stores and parks, Beverly police, but not everyday stores people shop at. Evergreen, on the other hand, has a mall, Evergreen police, and convenient stores people shop at every day. In Beverly, the neighboorhood consists of mostly whites but the specificRead MoreThe High School At Dickson City Has Over 20 Classrooms1137 Words   |  5 Pagesother items were moved to the boys’ gym that had the warped floor. The weight room is the same room that was the Woodshop when my father went to junior high school in that building. Because the floor in the boys’ gym was damaged, both boys and girls used the girls’ gym. Again, when the boys had Physical Education, the girls had study period, and vice versa. The girls changed clothes in the locker room on the second floor that was adjacent to the girls’ gym. The boys changed clothes in the lockerRead MoreAccountability And Our Trainers Are Experts At Holding You Accountable Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesmeet your goals we have failed you as your studio! DEVELOP A ROUTINE- Sure, it s easy to get to the gym and hop on the elliptical, but then what? Our trainers are educated on the most effective ways to help you get to your fitness goals. They will work with you to develop a routine that makes since and is realistic for you. If you haven t worked out in months and are just returning to the gym, a trainer will not expect you to begin a fitness regimen consisting of 60 minute routines 5 days a weekRead MorePersuasive Essay On Self Control1087 Words   |  5 Pageschildren. According to Jonathon Seidl, healthy eating impacts kids in the classroom as well as gym class. â€Å"Some schools may have physical education twice a week, once a week, and thats not acceptable. Children need to move, she said. To have a healthy body is to have a healthy brain and therefore they become better at reading and math and science. It all works together,† (Seidl). Healthier foods can help the gym, however; the learning ability should not correlate to what students eat. Classroom participationRead MoreEssay on Consumerism526 Words   |  3 PagesDay is Russell Stovers goldmine. I mean, come on, nothing says I love you like a big box of fat. Then theres Halloween. This is another money making holiday for the candy companies. But also for whatever company makes those paper thin costumes that we dress our children up in to go wander the streets at night for candy. Thanksgiving is a perfect holiday to actually get in touch with your family over a delightful dinner. If your family is like mine, it usually ends up to be eating too much

British fashions Essay Example For Students

British fashions Essay She desperately attempts to feel part of her Pakistani culture, but fails. Alvi feels unworthy and has no confidence in herself, I could never be a lovely as those clothes. She also refers to them as those clothes rather than hers as if there is a distance between her and each item. Instead she longed for typical British fashions such as denim and corduroy. She is desperate for British fashion and just wants to fit in, using the term I longed on a different line to add emphasis. Alvi gives a sense that she is in discomfort, and gives the image that they are attacking her and it is in a struggle to get them off as if she is drowning inside. The word costume suggests that the clothes are unnatural and Alvi suggests she does not feel herself when she wears them, as if they are theatrical and she has to act a part. As the costume clung to her the poet shows her sense of awkwardness with the clothes they dont belong together. She feels they dont belong together. She feels a sense of discomfort, as if she is trapped. Alvi feels as if she is on fire, aflame- standing out from the crowd but cannot come to rise up to herself like a phoenix from the flames instead She feels self-conscious and She implies she is incomplete, seeing herself as half- English and inadequate, unlike her Aunt Jamillia who she envies for being fully Asian whereas Alvi is only half. In the third stanza, Alvi had second thoughts about the traditional camel-skin lamp. I wanted reflects the I longed expression earlier, the poet is constantly wanting answers as too where she belongs. The lamp is a symbol to indicate the poets connection with the camel, as she considers the cruelty of how it has been made and forced to be something it didnt want to be and how it has been taken from its natural habitat; it does not belong in Britain, The lamp represents Alvis aim transformation as she feels she too was pushed into something she did not want to be. Despite the harsh realities and cruelty involved in its making, Alvi is fascinated by it, just as how she is fascinated with her past even though it hurts her. Such objects make her feel much more confused about where she really belongs. Alvi is captivated and drawn in by the lamp because of the connection she feels to it. She refers to stained glass because we can see through some parts but others are covered and fragmented. Which is also symbolic of Alvi, because the lamp is made from pieces just as her life is. Stained glass is typically British and suggests that Alvi has come to feel stained and unable to see any further. She then flicks quickly to another memory that haunts her. My mother cherished her jewellery   Indian gold, dangling, filigree,  But it was stolen from our car.  The jewellery was very special to her mum, and the lack of respect shown by the thieves for her mothers cherished belongings didnt go down well with Alvi. This again symbolises how Alvi feels about her roots, as stolen implies something has been taken away from her. Alvi uses a hyphen again as a pause and then goes on to describing the jewellery. You could imagine her suddenly speaking in an abrupt and negative tone and she finishes with an end-stopped line to give a harsh effect to the stanza. This relates to the start where Alvi feels uncomfortable wearing the jewellery as she did the clothes on the other hand her mother even though she was English she is able to wear decorative Asian accessories without feeling uncomfortable. .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 , .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .postImageUrl , .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 , .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32:hover , .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32:visited , .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32:active { border:0!important; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32:active , .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32 .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf03cac0095dd36a0c2219b373626eb32:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Spending Money on Fashion EssayAlvi keeps her presents hidden away and even though they are radiant in my wardrobe their colourful and interesting beauty was just too much for Alvi. They stand out like a beacon of light, especially against her everyday western wear. Like her true culture, Alvi likes to keep her clothing hidden away. This makes the reader think that she is trying to hide reminders of her culture, and they are locked away with her true identity. This stanza ends with the irony that the aunts who sent the traditional clothes themselves wanted cardigans from Marks and Spencers. It is confusing to her as Marks and Spencers is so British yet her relatives feel c omfortable wearing western clothing whereas she feels awkward in her Pakistani dress. In stanza five Alvi feels very differently to her British school friend with regards to the clothing, and she admires the beautiful, captivating patterns and detail on the salwar. Its not surprising her school friend is not interested; they do not have any meaning to her. The term School friend; gives us a sense of distance because Alvi does not use any name, which makes it feel impersonal as if Alvi feels like an outsider amongst her peers. The mirror work as the clothes is in pieces may be symbolic of Alvis image of her life, as the mirrors are in fragments, as if Alvis life has been broken down into small pieces and she cannot bring them all together to get the full image of who she is, instead she just gets small parts here and there but she cant grasp a full picture. She tries her best to recreate her past; she remembers the painful journey to Britain as we picture an uncomfortable journey with prickly-heat as if the pain of moving can be felt physically, not just emotionally. The fact that she ends up in a cot shows how she feels discarded and forgotten about as she has been moved away somewhere out of the way. She arrives at her grandmothers and she is immediately lonely as she plays with the tin boat. Tin boat giving the effect of something hard, cold, and negative, just as she feels hollow and empty. Stanza six is about how Alvi sees a picture of her birthplace. She has read about it in the newspaper, and there is a sense of confusion with each reminder as she tries to recreate herself as someone in Lahore, even though she was much too young to remember herself being there. She pictures it in her mind.  My aunts in shaded rooms,  Screened from male visitors  This section shows the social differences between the sexes; a strict Muslim upbringing vs. a more liberal UK attitude, in Pakistan it is tradition to keep the sexes apart and Alvi also refers to shaded rooms as if the women are hidden away. The use of the word tissue makes the reader picture something very delicate and fragile like Alvi herself but also it suggests she also feels she has been wrapped up and carefully placed away from her true culture by her parents, just like the presents. Finally in the last and shortest stanza, Alvi humbles herself as she imagines that she goes back to visit her home country. She talks about the poverty and the beggars on the streets and even visualises herself amongst people who are lower class. But even they are all part of a group; Alvi feels alienated again, everyone that surrounds her know who they are and know where they have come from but she is almost drifting between the two cultures. As she looks through the fretwork at the Shalimar Gardens she glimpses only pieces of what she could be. She implies that she feels almost like and outsider to everyone else. No fixed nationality and once more she feels alien as if she does not belong anywhere.

Slavery Essays (659 words) - Slavery In The United States

Slavery "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness" (Thomas Jefferson). Slavery in America stems well back to when the new world was first discovered and was led by the country to start the African Slave Trade- Portugal. The African Slave Trade was first exploited for plantations in that is now called the Caribbean, and eventually reached the southern coasts of America (Slavery Two; Milton Meltzer). The African natives were of all ages and sexes. Women usually worked in the homes, cooking and cleaning, whereas men were sent out into the plantations to farm. Young girls would usually help in the house also and young boys would help in the farm by bailing hay and loading wagons with crops. Since trying to capture the native Indians, the Arawaks and Caribs, failed (Small-Pox had killed them), the Europeans said out to capture African slaves. They were shipped from Africa by the Europeans in what was called The Triangular Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. This was an organized route where Europeans would travel to Africa bringing manufactured goods, capture Africans and take them to the Caribbean, and then take the crops and goods and bring them back to Europe. The African people, in order to communicate invented a language that was a mixture of all the African languages combined, called Creole. This language now varies from island to island. They also kept their culture which accounts for calypso music and the instruments used in these songs. Slavery was common all over the world until 1794 when France signed the Act of the National Convention abolishing slavery. It would take America about a hundred years to do the same (Slavery Two; Milton Meltzer). George Washington was America's hero. He was America's first president. He was a slave owner. He deplored slavery but did not release his slaves. His will stated that they would be released after the death of his wife (The Volume Library; 1988). Washington wasn't the only president to have slaves. Thomas Jefferson wrote, "All men are created equal" but died leaving his blacks in slavery. In 1775 black Americans were sent to fight in the revolutionary army. The British proposed that if a black man was to join their army, they would be set free afterwards. America originally planned not to let the blacks fight in the army, but when hearing this, let them enlist. Only Georgia and South Carolina refused to let them enlist, but paid for their racism when each lost 25,000 blacks to the British. The slaves returned on an honourable discharge after securing America's freedom, but not their own (Software Toolworks Encyclopedia; 1992). Slavery continued and so did the numbers of slaves trying to escape to the free states or into Canada. A runaway slave would be found by bloodhounds, trained to find black slaves. Then the slave, upon returning, would be executed or severely whipped. The "Underground Railroad" was a project that helped black slaves escape into Canada, especially Amherstburg. The system involved 3,000 white helpers and freed an estimated 75,000 people after the civil war. Slavery in the middle of the 1800's was abolished except for the rebellion states in the south. In 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation was issued which made slavery illegal in the states that had rebelled and allowed black slaves to serve in the army and get other jobs, or continue to work on the plantations, as employees making money. The nightmare of slavery was over but a new one was to begin. One that was worse for it was prevalent but was secret and silent. One that exists today. One that does not shrink but rather grows. Racism was and is upon us.

Fusion Essays - Fusion Power, Plasma, Tokamak,

Fusion Fusion reactions are inhibited by the electrical repulsive force that acts between two positively charged nuclei. For fusion to occur, the two nuclei must approach each other at high speed to overcome the electrical repulsion and attain a sufficiently small separation (less than one-trillionth of a centimeter) that the short-range strong nuclear force dominates. For the production of useful amounts of energy, a large number of nuclei must under go fusion: that is to say, a gas of fusing nuclei must be produced. In a gas at extremely high temperature, the average nucleus contains sufficient kinetic energy to undergo fusion. Such a medium can be produced by heating an ordinary gas of neutral atoms beyond the temperature at which electrons are knocked out of the atoms. The result is an ionized gas consisting of free negative electrons and positive nuclei. This gas constitutes a plasma. Plasma, in physics, is an electrically conducting medium in which there are roughly equal numbers of p ositively and negatively charged particles, produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized. It is sometimes referred to as the fourth state of matter, distinct from the solid, liquid, and gaseous states. When energy is continuously applied to a solid, it first melts, then it vaporizes, and finally electrons are removed from some of the neutral gas atoms and molecules to yield a mixture of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons, while overall neutral charge density is maintained. When a significant portion of the gas has been ionized, its properties will be altered so substantially that little resemblance to solids, liquids, and gases remains. A plasma is unique in the way in which it interacts with itself with electric and magnetic fields, and with its environment. A plasma can be thought of as a collection of ions, electrons, neutral atoms and molecules, an photons in which some atoms are being ionized simultaneously with other electrons recombining with ions to form neutral particles, while photons are continuously being produced and absorbed. Scientists have estimated that more than 99 percent of the matter in the universe exists in the plasma state. All of the observed stars, including the Sun, consist of plasma, as do interstellar and interplanetary media and the outer atmospheres of the planets. Although most terrestrial matter exists in a solid, liquid or gaseous state, plasma is found in lightning bolts and auroras, in gaseous discharge lamps (neon lights), and in the crystal structure of metallic solids. Plasmas are currently being studied as an affordable source of clean electric power from thermonuclear fusion reactions. The scientific problem for fusion is thus the problem of producing and confining a hot, dense plasma. The core of a fusion reactor would consist of burning plasma. Fusion would occur between the nuclei, with electrons present only to maintain macroscopic charge neutrality. Stars, including the Sun, consist of plas ma that generates energy by fusion reactions. In these ?natural fusion reactors? the reacting, or burning, plasma is confirmed by its own gravity. It is not possible to assemble on Earth a plasma sufficiently massive to be gravitationally confined. The hydrogen bomb is an example of fusion reactions produced in an uncontrolled, unconfined manner in which the energy density is so high that the energy release is explosive. By contrast, the use of fusion for peaceful energy generating requires control and confinement of a plasma at high temperature and is often called controlled thermonuclear fusion. In the development of fusion power technology, demonstration of ? energy breakeven? is taken to signify the scientific feasibility of fusion. At breakeven, the fusion power produced by a plasma is equal to the power input to maintain the plasma. This requires a plasma that is hot, dense, and well confined. The temperature required, about 100 million Kelvins, is several times that of the Su n. The product of the density and energy confinement time of the plasma (the time it takes the plasma to lose its energy if not replaced) must exceed a critical value. There are two main approaches to controlled fusion ? namely, magnetic confinement and inertial confinement. Magnetic confinement of plasmas is the most highly developed approach to controlled fusion. The hot plasma is contained by magnetic Fusion Essays - Fusion Power, Plasma, Tokamak, Fusion Fusion reactions are inhibited by the electrical repulsive force that acts between two positively charged nuclei. For fusion to occur, the two nuclei must approach each other at high speed to overcome the electrical repulsion and attain a sufficiently small separation (less than one-trillionth of a centimeter) that the short-range strong nuclear force dominates. For the production of useful amounts of energy, a large number of nuclei must under go fusion: that is to say, a gas of fusing nuclei must be produced. In a gas at extremely high temperature, the average nucleus contains sufficient kinetic energy to undergo fusion. Such a medium can be produced by heating an ordinary gas of neutral atoms beyond the temperature at which electrons are knocked out of the atoms. The result is an ionized gas consisting of free negative electrons and positive nuclei. This gas constitutes a plasma. Plasma, in physics, is an electrically conducting medium in which there are roughly equal numbers of p ositively and negatively charged particles, produced when the atoms in a gas become ionized. It is sometimes referred to as the fourth state of matter, distinct from the solid, liquid, and gaseous states. When energy is continuously applied to a solid, it first melts, then it vaporizes, and finally electrons are removed from some of the neutral gas atoms and molecules to yield a mixture of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons, while overall neutral charge density is maintained. When a significant portion of the gas has been ionized, its properties will be altered so substantially that little resemblance to solids, liquids, and gases remains. A plasma is unique in the way in which it interacts with itself with electric and magnetic fields, and with its environment. A plasma can be thought of as a collection of ions, electrons, neutral atoms and molecules, an photons in which some atoms are being ionized simultaneously with other electrons recombining with ions to form neutral particles, while photons are continuously being produced and absorbed. Scientists have estimated that more than 99 percent of the matter in the universe exists in the plasma state. All of the observed stars, including the Sun, consist of plasma, as do interstellar and interplanetary media and the outer atmospheres of the planets. Although most terrestrial matter exists in a solid, liquid or gaseous state, plasma is found in lightning bolts and auroras, in gaseous discharge lamps (neon lights), and in the crystal structure of metallic solids. Plasmas are currently being studied as an affordable source of clean electric power from thermonuclear fusion reactions. The scientific problem for fusion is thus the problem of producing and confining a hot, dense plasma. The core of a fusion reactor would consist of burning plasma. Fusion would occur between the nuclei, with electrons present only to maintain macroscopic charge neutrality. Stars, including the Sun, consist of plas ma that generates energy by fusion reactions. In these ?natural fusion reactors? the reacting, or burning, plasma is confirmed by its own gravity. It is not possible to assemble on Earth a plasma sufficiently massive to be gravitationally confined. The hydrogen bomb is an example of fusion reactions produced in an uncontrolled, unconfined manner in which the energy density is so high that the energy release is explosive. By contrast, the use of fusion for peaceful energy generating requires control and confinement of a plasma at high temperature and is often called controlled thermonuclear fusion. In the development of fusion power technology, demonstration of ? energy breakeven? is taken to signify the scientific feasibility of fusion. At breakeven, the fusion power produced by a plasma is equal to the power input to maintain the plasma. This requires a plasma that is hot, dense, and well confined. The temperature required, about 100 million Kelvins, is several times that of the Su n. The product of the density and energy confinement time of the plasma (the time it takes the plasma to lose its energy if not replaced) must exceed a critical value. There are two main approaches to controlled fusion ? namely, magnetic confinement and inertial confinement. Magnetic confinement of plasmas is the most highly developed approach to controlled fusion. The hot plasma is contained by magnetic

Internet History Essays - Humancomputer Interaction, Free Essays

Internet History Essays - Humancomputer Interaction, Free Essays Internet History Starting out as a small military experiment some 35 years ago, the Internet is quickly becoming one of the most popular forms of communication. With a present population of about 40 million users world wide, it seems to have a very promising future. Uncensored and almost impossible to monitor, it's a breeding ground for all sorts of offensive and derogatory information. On the other hand, it is probably the biggest single source of data in the world brought home into your personal computer. Will this form of communication survive in the future, or will it simply die out like many others have in the past? History The first nodes of the Internet were built 36 years ago by the RAND corporation. They faced the problem of keeping communication between U.S. authorities active in the aftermath of a nuclear war. The country needed a command-and-control network. The biggest problem was protecting the main server, which could be knocked out by a single atomic warhead. RAND came up with the solution in 1964. The new network would have no central authority, and secondly, it would be designed to operate in shambles. " During the 60s, this intriguing concept of a decentralized, blastproof, packet-switching network was kicked around by RAND, MIT and UCLA. The National Physical Laboratory in Great Britain set up the first test network on these principles in 1968. Shortly afterward, the Pentagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency decided to fund a larger, more ambitious project in the USA. The nodes of the network were to be high-speed supercomputers (or what passed for supercomputers at the time). These were rare and valuable machines which were in real need of good solid networking, for the sake of national research- and-development projects." (Sterling 1-2) The first was put in place during the fall of 1969. By December of the same year four nodes were installed. They were connected by dedicated high-speed transmission lines. This allowed the computers to communicate and be programmed from one of the other computers. In the year of 1971 there were 15 nodes, and by 72 there were 37. This number kept increasing rapidly as the years passed. The network was also becoming more of a person to person way of communicating. Many military personnel began using it as a way to gossip with friends instead of a way to transmit documents and projects. This became even more evident in the following years. How it works The Internet may seem a very complex form of communication but that is not really the case. First, you must have a reasonably fast computer (80386 or higher) with a modem and a phone line. The next step is to contact your local Internet provider and get him to give you a password and an SLIP address. At this time you will also be given the software to get you started. All of this costs about 140 dollars, depending on how many hours you wish to purchase. "We charge using an hourly rate because it gives our users more flexibility with their time. When run on a monthly payment, you are limited to an hour a day, whereas with our system you can use any amount of time whenever you want" (Schulmeister). The costs are as follows: 10 hrs-$30.00 20 hrs-$50.00 40 hrs-$80.00 60 hrs-$90.00 Once you have your software installed and want to start "surfing the net," you must first login to the server (located at the Northwest Community College) by dialling in its phone number using a specific program. The two local numbers are 638-1543 and 638-1593. Even with the two numbers, the server is often busy because of the constantly increasing number of users in our area. These numbers can be used by a number of people at a time, not just two. Once connected to the college server, you travel down to a larger server in Vancouver, and from there you can access any other computer connected as long as your server has permission to do so. Diagram: How the Internet works Impact on Society The Internet is just starting to have a large impact on society. It seemed to come out of nowhere, popping up in magazines and on the news. The Internet is now becoming an influential communications medium to

Unusual Life of the Ocean Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unusual Life of the Ocean - Research Paper Example Their cells are the largest on this planet, with the ability to grow up to four inches (Piper). Though large, their ability to survive lies in their fragility. Their structure can easily be destroyed by a larger movement of water, yet they are able to absorb large amounts of water, mercury, lead and other metals, thus being immune to pollution. At the same time, they can grow in almost complete darkness, at a high pressure. Besides xenophyophores, other forms of life exist at such deep levels. Jellyfish survive there as well (Piper). Over 200 different types of microorganisms were found to exist there as well (Dohrer). Unusual â€Å"translucent, sea-cucumber-like animals called holothurians† live there as well (Dohrer). Though also found on the surface, snails in the Trench have adapted to the pressure by developing soft shells (Dohrer). Though high pressure makes survival for most species impossible, in the Mariana Trench animal life managed to adapt. Precisely because it is more fragile, life in the deep is more able to withstand the pressure and darkness than life forms we are accustomed to